TEDE Coleção:http://www.bdtd.ueg.br/handle/tede/242024-03-27T11:52:00Z2024-03-27T11:52:00ZSistemas agroflorestais como estratégia para a recuperação de áreas degradadas no CerradoMartins, Thalles Oliveirahttp://www.bdtd.ueg.br/handle/tede/14462024-03-06T18:53:21Z2023-04-22T00:00:00ZTítulo: Sistemas agroflorestais como estratégia para a recuperação de áreas degradadas no Cerrado
Autor: Martins, Thalles Oliveira
Primeiro orientador: Melo e Silva Neto, Carlos de
Abstract: The general objective of this work is understood and dynamic of agroforestry systems in the Cerrado, evaluating aspects from the soil to forest restoration and its microorganisms in this agroecosystem work, to present characteristics that justify its use as an alternative for the establishment of degraded areas. The thesis will likely be in three chapters in the form of an article chapter, the first being entitled “Initial Development of an Agroforestry System for the recovery of degraded areas in the Cerrado biome – a model with different”. The second chapter is entitled "Fertility attributes in different land uses in the Cerrado biome" does not qualify the aspects of fertility and texture of different soil systems in the State of Goiás. the third chapter of the thesis, entitled “Arbuscular mycorrhizas in biodiverse agroforestry systems in the Cerrado biome” is a proposal to encompass the understanding of the effects of living organisms within the agroforestry system, highlighting how an agroecosystem structure can benefit this group.
Instituição: Universidade Estadual de Goiás
Tipo do documento: Tese2023-04-22T00:00:00ZAvaliação dos efeitos biológicos e tóxicos de plantas do Cerrado : um enfoque em Vernonanthura polyanthesRocha, Jamira Diashttp://www.bdtd.ueg.br/handle/tede/13652024-01-23T15:52:15Z2022-11-10T00:00:00ZTítulo: Avaliação dos efeitos biológicos e tóxicos de plantas do Cerrado : um enfoque em Vernonanthura polyanthes
Autor: Rocha, Jamira Dias
Primeiro orientador: Bailão, Elisa Flávia Luiz Cardoso
Abstract: The Cerrado has a wide variety of medicinal plants that are used for the treatment of various diseases. The first objective of this work was to perform a systematic review on the toxic potential of these species. Our search in the literature identified 194 Cerrado plants with toxic potential, and most of the species presented compounds with high cytotoxicity against tumor cells and low toxicity against normal cells. Regarding the interaction with DNA, compounds extracted from Cerrado plants in acute and/or chronic treatments showed low genotoxicity andmutagenicity. Antibactericidal, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal and antiparasitic activities were also identified in different extracts from Cerrado plants. Among the different species identified in our review, this thesis is of special interest in Vernonanthura polyanthes(Spreng.)A.J. Vega & Dematt, popularly known as assa-peixe. This species is widely used in folk medicine as an expectorant. Our research group previously showed that V. polyanthes aqueousextract (VpLAE) and n-butanol fraction (n-BF) were cytogenotoxic against human lymphocytes. However, when co-treatedwith doxorubicin (DXR), VpLAE and n-BF decreasedDXR genotoxicity. Thus, another objective of this thesis was to evaluate the chemical profile by mass spectrometry and toxicology of VpLAE and n-BF and their interaction with DXR in amurine model using micronucleus (MN) and comet assay techniques. Our analysis identified the presence of 8 phenolic compounds characterized as flavonoids and chlorogenic acids (5-O-feruloylquinic acid, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-di-O- cafeoylquinic acid , 4,5-di-O- caffeoylquinic acid, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinicacid and 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid). At co, pre and post DXR treatment, both VpLAE and n-BF significantly inhibited DXR toxicity, protecting mouse bone marrow cells against cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects. Another objective of this research was to perform computational prediction to predict their biological activities of the 8 compounds identified VpLAE and n-BF by mass spectrometry. The in silico results are in agreement with our in vivo in murines, showing that the identified compounds proved to be chemopreventive and antioxidant. In particular, the molecule quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (Rutin) identified in VpLAE and n-BF showed anticancer potential, in addition to presenting low penetration through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and median lethal dose (LD50) with a value of 5000 mg/ kg, representing a safe margin, since the compound was classified in class 5. These properties led to the choice of rutin for molecular docking analysis and demonstrated a promising antineoplastic, antimutagenic and/or cancer preventive interaction, according to the PASS online prediction. In conclusion, these results reinforce the chemopreventive and antioxidant potential of V. polyanthes species.
Instituição: Universidade Estadual de Goiás
Tipo do documento: Tese2022-11-10T00:00:00ZChalconas e Benzimidazóis : desenvolvimento de aditivos em misturas de biocombustíveisDuarte, Vitor Santoshttp://www.bdtd.ueg.br/handle/tede/12132023-05-31T12:55:54Z2023-03-30T00:00:00ZTítulo: Chalconas e Benzimidazóis : desenvolvimento de aditivos em misturas de biocombustíveis
Autor: Duarte, Vitor Santos
Primeiro orientador: Napolitano, Hamilton Barbosa
Abstract: The scarcity of natural resources and the challenges posed by climate change are problems that are related to the crisis permeating the global economic system. Leaders from all around the world are discussing solutions to these environmental problems, such as reducing emissions of conventional pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHG), as well as exploring alternatives to the energy crisis, which is considered a global emergency. The global economic system is highly dependent on natural resources, particularly fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas. In fact, more than 80% of the energy consumed worldwide comes from these non-renewable sources. The imminent scarcity of these resources is worrying, due to human development and population growth, in addition to the increasing pollution generated by the combustion of fossil fuels. In this context, the synergism of fossil fuels with renewable fuels represents a sustainable option that can reduce pollutant emissions by creating an alternative energy matrix. Biofuels, for example, represent a viable alternative for reducing pollutants and a sustainable energy option. Biodiesel is an example of a renewable and promising biofuel that can be obtained from renewable biomass. It is biodegradable and can be used in diesel engines without major adaptations, in addition to presenting lower levels of pollutant emissions and toxicity compared to fossil fuels. However, the lower energy availability and low oxidative stability of this fuel generate a series of problems that hinder its use. Due to this, technologies are studied every day to mitigate these problems. A good example is additives, which are substances that delay the oxidation and early degradation of the fuel. Additives can be developed from organic molecules that have desired properties such as antioxidants or antimicrobials. In this sense, this thesis presents a study of the structural aspects of organic molecules from the class of chalcones and benzimidazoles. Theoretical studies were also carried out to understand the physicochemical properties of these molecules, combined with simulations and machine learning methods that contributed to the understanding of aspects related to antioxidant activity. From a structural and theoretical perspective, experimental tests have determined that the molecules studied in this thesis act as antioxidant agents, making them suitable additives for diesel-biodiesel blends. We also emphasize that these molecules acting as an additive can contribute to the use of biofuels, thereby supporting the maintenance of natural resources and the environment.
Instituição: Universidade Estadual de Goiás
Tipo do documento: Tese2023-03-30T00:00:00ZLicenciamento e avaliação de impacto ambiental : percepção, ciência e desafiosBatista, Gabriel de Avilahttp://www.bdtd.ueg.br/handle/tede/12082023-05-19T12:45:45Z2023-03-31T00:00:00ZTítulo: Licenciamento e avaliação de impacto ambiental : percepção, ciência e desafios
Autor: Batista, Gabriel de Avila
Primeiro orientador: Marco Junior, Paulo de
Abstract: Within 53 years of history and used by more than 180 countries, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is the most successful sustainable decision support process today. Its multidisciplinary dynamics covers the biotic, physical and socioeconomic components. Despite its history and scope, the EIA is still in the process of adaptation, especially in developing countries, such as Brazil. At the national level, the EIA supports the environmental licensing process (EL), providing information for sustainable decisions. In this sense, at national and international level, EIA is a common subject in scientific production, with research related to biodiversity conservation, methods and inclusion of the public in the process, for example. Furthermore, the literature on this topic is focused on “quality” to the detriment of effectiveness and theory. In this context, I explore over three articles the relationships between environmental licensing processes, environmental impact assessment and information, in the public (perception and opinion) and academic (peer-reviewed) spheres. In the first article I present a structural equation model that highlights the relationships between different types of media, public opinion on bill 3729/2004 and the socioeconomic profile of Brazilians. In the second, I explore the connections between the scientific production on the methods of the biotic component of EIA, the frameworks (quality, theory and effectiveness) and the other disciplines. In the last chapter I analyze the environmental and economic constraints of the scientific literature explored in the second chapter. In a general summary, the results indicate that environmental licensing is not a topic of interest to most Brazilians. In parallel, at an international level, the focuses of the literature are quality, biodiversity and environmental impacts. Furthermore, most of this research, including the most relevant ones, is carried out in developed countries to the detriment of countries with greater biodiversity. In this sense, I discuss the importance of science communicators as information mediators; the importance of including management and policies in the literature discussion; and the need for greater collaboration between the scientific community and research in developing countries.
Instituição: Universidade Estadual de Goiás
Tipo do documento: Tese2023-03-31T00:00:00Z